先进的热防护方法及在飞行器的应用前景初探

随着航天技术的发展,飞行器的热环境面临着新的变化,对热防护提出了挑战。对各类主动热防护方式的原理、研究进展和应用现状进行了归纳总结。结合飞行器未来发展,提出了适应于未来应用的基于相变工质的对流冷却、自适应膜相变冷却和发汗冷却的系统性主动热防护方式。并以此为基础,提出了结合被动、半被动和主动热防护的飞行器全时域综合热管理思路。     

某测试台谐波摇摆运动的控制

某测试台主要运动方式为三自由度正弦摇摆Asinωt,三次谐波摇摆。本文详细阐述了该设备三次谐波谱的精密运动控制、在线实时轨迹显示和静态FFT分析。     

Rio de la Plata estuarine system: Relationship between river flow and frontal variability

This paper deals with the application of SeaWIFS images to characterize spatial and temporal variability of fronts in the Rio de la Plata estuarine system over the period 2000–2003. We aim to depict the relationship between river outflow and variability of fronts’ loci on monthly to ENSO-related timescales and the influence of the winds along Rio de la Plata (axial winds) on the abrupt changes in frontal dynamics over synoptic timescales. During the studied period both La Niña (July 1999–June 2000) and El Niño (April 2002–May 2003) events induced significant displacements of fronts. Three distinct fronts were analyzed between river, estuarine, coastal and marine waters of the Rio de la Plata: Main Turbidity Front, Main Marine Front, and Secondary Marine Front. Their number, location and separation seem to be mainly related to river outflow and second, to fresh (>8 m/s) axial winds. During low discharge periods (i.e. summer time and/or La Niña events) these winds induce abrupt changes in the location of fronts (100–200 km) and greater separation between them over synoptic timescale, whereas during high river discharge or ENSO years some of the variability of fronts location is explained by the river’s outflow fluctuations, especially by the high variability of the River Uruguay discharge.     

Hypothesis-test-based landcover change detection using multi-temporal satellite images – A comparative study

Remote sensing images and technologies have been widely applied to environmental monitoring, in particular landuse/landcover classification and change detection. However, the uncertainties involved in such applications have not been fully addressed. In this paper two hypothesis-test-based change detection methods, namely the bivariate joint distribution method and the conditional distribution method, are proposed to tackle the uncertainties in change detection by making decisions based on the desired level of significance. Both methods require a data set of class-dependent no-change pixels to form the basis for class-dependent hypothesis test. Using an exemplar study area in central Taiwan, performance of the proposed methods are shown to be significantly superior to two other commonly applied methods (the post-classification comparison and the image differencing methods) in terms of the overall change detection accuracies. The conditional distribution method takes into consideration the correlation between digital numbers of the pre- and post-images and the effect of the known pre-image digital number on the range of the post-image digital number, and therefore yields the highest change detection accuracy. It is also demonstrated that the class-dependent change detection is crucial for accurate landuse/landcover change detection.     

基于混合卡尔曼滤波器组故障传感器定位方法

为了在发动机性能蜕化与传感器故障并存的情况下实现故障传感器的定位与部件蜕化情况的估计,并实现故障诊断基准数据的修正,构建了1种包含了机载模型与线性卡尔曼滤波器的组合结构混合卡尔曼滤波器组。该卡尔曼滤波器组能够在之前所描述的故障/蜕化耦合情况下定位故障传感器,并得到较为准确的部件蜕化估计结果。为了验证了混合卡尔曼滤波器组的有效性,进行了相关仿真。仿真结果表明:混合卡尔曼滤波器组能够在发动机动态过程中遭遇传感器故障与部件蜕化并存的情况下完成故障定位与蜕化估计。     

太赫兹固态电子器件和电路

随着微电子技术的飞速发展,半导体器件的截止频率已经进入到太赫兹频段,太赫兹电路的频率特性特性得到极大发展。以固态器件为基础的电路的工作频率进入到太赫兹频段。太赫兹固态电子器件与电路技术在空间领域有着重要的应用前景。文章重点介绍InP基三端太赫兹固态电子器件和电路,以及太赫兹肖特基二极管器件和电路的技术发展过程与最新动态。并指出随着器件与电路的整体化与集成化发展趋势,太赫兹单片集成技术是其未来发展方向。     

一种基于机动辨识预测的空空导弹导引律

现有的空空导弹导引头在有噪声和干扰的环境下获得目标精确信息存在时间延迟,且新一代目标的机动能力更强,不对导弹加以补偿会造成较大脱靶量,所以需对目标状态有效预测。针对新一代目标规避空空导弹常用的大机动模式,为满足新一代空空导弹发展需求,设计了一种新型复合导引律。从目标自身出发,研究高机动目标规避导弹采用的典型机动形式,对机动轨迹进行离线建模,构建具有扩展能力的目标机动模型库。设计自适应滤波器对测量噪声进行降噪。同时,利用模型库设计了机动辨识预测器,对目标实际机动进行在线辨识。基于在线辨识的结果对目标机动进行预测,并对时间延迟进行补偿和修正,实现对高机动目标的精确打击。仿真结果表明:该方法对不同类型的机动目标均有较高的预测精度和命中精度。     

关于 3D和2D型SPin态的拓扑分类的注记

对铁磁体中的Ｓｐｉｎ态进行拓扑分类在物理学上有重要意义。本文用代数拓扑学中的Ｍａｙｅｒ－Ｖｉｅｔｏｒｉｓ正合序列计算了一类空间区域Ω的第一、二个整系数上同调，从而对占据该区域的铁磁体的３Ｄ和２Ｄ型Ｓｐｉｎ态进行了拓扑分类，这里所论的铁磁体中含有若干环状和穿过其中的柱状空腔，而且环状空腔可以是互相缠绕的。最后还讨论了这类铁磁体中的矢量场和标量场的某些全局性质。     

周边固支环扇形板静力学问题的小波方法

根据相关文献，将拟Shannon小波配置法应用到环扇形板的混合状态方程中，构造出了环扇形板平面方向离散，而厚度方向是解析的混合状态方程。因为用拟Shannon小波张量积表示的近似解是离散形式的，所以固支边界的未知应力可以近似地用内点的应力和位移来表示。数值实例验证了本文方法的正确性。     

管流转捩对比态定律的讨论：层,紊流并存流态转捩现象

转捩对管内流动和换热有很大影响，Ｎ．Ｔ．Ｏｂｏｔ曾在总结归纳圆管、矩形管、三角形管和环形管实验结果的基础上提出对比态定律，并断言：对任意截面管道，只要知道临界摩擦因子和临界雷诺数，根据对比态定律，就可以计算其流动和平均换热特性。本文通过对复杂截面通道流动的研究，指出管流转捩的对比态定律只适用于单一流态管流，而不适用于层、紊流并存管流，文中还分析了层、紊流并存现象及其产生的原因，它的起始点和终止点的判定，以及流动和换热特性计算的处理方法。